Browsing: China

Chinese firms dominate Iraq’s upstream sector by accepting low-profit terms, while state-backed financing secures critical infrastructure deals. Baghdad also seeks Western investment for technical expertise and to mitigate U.S. sanctions risk, maintaining a dual-track strategy to balance energy partners.

Adversaries have learned they can fracture Western alliances and control strategic chokepoints by staying below retaliation thresholds. This convergence allows China to secure shipping lanes, Russia to gain naval bases, and Iran to project power through proxies like the Houthis.