Iraq’s corruption stems from unregulated post-war aid and Baathist-era patronage. With $220 billion spent on reconstruction—much of it unmonitored—the influx of capital entrenched a culture of graft. Today, breaking this cycle is essential for Sudani to restore public services and secure Iraq’s vast foreign reserves.
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Iraq must balance its hard-earned stability against renewed ISIS threats and Iranian pressure. As Washington considers its 2026 withdrawal timeline, Baghdad seeks a transition to a bilateral security framework that preserves sovereignty, strengthens national institutions, and reduces economic dependence on Tehran’s energy exports.