Egypt is alarmed by Horn of Africa instability and insists Red Sea governance rests solely with its littoral states.
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Sudan’s civil war, one of the worst humanitarian crises, remains neglected as external backers fuel the conflict with impunity.
Sanctions and pledges for Sudan are accelerating on paper, but civilians returning home find no water, electricity, or hospitals.
Saudi Arabia’s Geneva rebuke of the RSF signals a strategic shift to stabilize Sudan by choking illicit gold flows and aligning Gulf policies.
A Pakistan-Sudan arms deal signals a regional shift from diplomacy to military escalation, risking a protracted proxy conflict.
Saif al-Islam’s assassination removes a unifying figure, deals a blow to UN reconciliation, and deepens Libya’s political fragmentation.
Sisi’s UAE visit aimed to manage regional differences on Sudan and Somalia while prioritizing economic ties and strategic partnership.
Sudan’s war persists because regional powers profit from a fractured state, while peace efforts serve as a parallel track, not a genuine solution.
The Saudi-UAE rivalry has spread to the Horn of Africa, fueling proxy conflicts and undermining regional stability.
The UN’s Libyan roadmap is undermined by mission dysfunction and political fragmentation, risking renewed conflict rather than credible elections.